Physicists have made an unexpected discovery related to the second law of thermodynamics, one of the most important principles of physics

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Thermodynamic laws are some of the most important principles of modern physics that define how the three amounts fundamental physics - temperature, energy and entropy (the amount of thermal condition of physical systems, which increases during an irreversible transformation of their own, but in the case of reversible transformations remains constant) - behave in certain circumstances.

Now physicists have discovered an ambiguity in one of these laws could create scenarios where entropy could diminish with time. Thanks to modern physics, almost every phenomenon in the universe can be explained using the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics using. But in addition, there are four laws of thermodynamics, which explains how heat (or heat) is converted to or from different types of energy.

But the second law of thermodynamics is of particular importance, since this energy transition from a system usable by one unusable. As usable energy in a closed or isolated system decreases and unusable energy increases entropy, in turn, increases.

As said by researchers, the second law of thermodynamics is probably much deeper than first law (which states that energy can not be created or destroyed), because the limitations of the universe. But what would happen if there was the possibility of creating a system that would decrease the entropy?

Researchers at the US Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory said they found ambiguity in the second law of thermodynamics, entropy which is moving towards another direction at a microscopic scale. They investigated a concept that is based on this law, called the theory H which, in its most simple, discloses that if you open a door between two rooms, one heated and the other not, it will produce a balance of heat . But as the researchers claimed, it is imposbil explain how each molecule moves in this scenario, so physicists analyzed as a group, not individually. But to identify the conduct of each molecule, according Theory H Laboratory Argonne decided to treat this study at a quantum scale. They did so using quantum information theory, which is based on a variety of natural materials applied abstract mathematical systems to be condensed discovered a new quantum theory H. "This makes manageable Theory H wording consistent with things that can be observed by physicists," says one of the team who started this study, Ivan Sadovskyy.

The researchers believe it is likely that the circumstances in which entropy decreases to be analyzed using this new vision Theory H.



Source: Science Alert