Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, great writer killed by a terrible disease

On January 29, 1860 was born Anton Pavlovich Chekhov Russian writer (d. July 15, 1904).

Chekhov was born in Taganrog, Azov Sea city.

Between 1867 and 1879 made primary and secondary education in his hometown. Attend theater and leading a students magazine.

After his father flee from Moscow is forced to pay meditations. In 1879, begin medical studies in Moscow and helps his family financially by publishing humorous magazines.

Young Chekhov (left) with brother Nikolai in 1882 photo: wikipedia.org

After graduation in 1884, professes around Moscow. In 1886, the magazine Novoye begin working time (New Times) headed by Alexei Suvorin, who will be editor. During this period, public prose, working and his plays.

Young Chekhov in 1882 photo: wikipedia.org

In 1890, performs a voyage to Sakhalin Island, where recenzează population.

During his voyage to Italy, from 1894, his health worsens. In 1896, Constantin Stanislavski knows who will direct the plays.


In 1897, a hospital, touched the pulmonary tuberculosis. Between 1897 and 1901 his plays (Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters) are published and staged. Olga Knipper married actiţa. In 1903, completes the play The Cherry Orchard. In 1904, the disease is getting worse and on July 2, dies in nursing home in Germany to Badenweiler.


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The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Descopera . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

16 November 1849 a Russian court sentenced Fyodor Dostoevsky to death. At the last moment the execution was postponed.

On  16 November 1849 a court Russian him sentenced Fyodor Dostoevsky to death. At the last moment the execution was postponed.

Feodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (b. November 11, 1821 - February 9, 1881) was one of the most prominent Russian writers, his works having a profound and lasting impact on literature, philosophy, psychology and theology of the twentieth century. His best-known creations are the four great novels, Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, The Brothers Karamazov and Demons and novella Notes from Underground.

Fyodor Dostoyevsky photo: wikipedia.org

Dostoevsky was born in Moscow and was introduced to literature at an early age, through tales and legends written by Russian and foreign authors. When his mother died of tuberculosis in 1837, he and his brother Michael were sent by their father, a retired military surgeon and extremely severe, the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute in St. Petersburg. During this period the seizures began.

After graduation, he worked as a design engineer, but he used to translate books to supplement their funds. 1846 is a huge success with his first novel, poor people, and is noted critic and philosopher Vissarion Belinsky.

Dostoevsky was arrested and imprisoned in 1849 for anti-state activities against Tsar Nicholas I. On November 16, 1849, was sentenced to death for participating in the meetings of a circle of young Fourierist (led by Michael Petraşevski), where had discussions subversive.

Nicholas I of Russia photo: wikipedia.org

It seems that the circle of 1849 it had delivered a poem by Pushkin against slavery, where one of the listeners would have replied that slavery can not fall only through revolution. On hearing these words, Dostoevsky exclaimed "Whether and revolution."

On December 22, 1849, the writer is brought before a firing squad along with 29 other comrades. Dressed only in robe, a terrible cold, Dostoyevsky kissed the cross, worships, but refuses to share. Even before the command to shoot an officer brings an order of the king to commute the sentence to hard labor in Siberia and correctional army. During this period, amid terror to which he was subjected by Major Krivţov, they have escalated attacks of epilepsy.


After his release in 1854, he was forced to enlist as a soldier, and then worked as a writer and journalist. He made several trips to Europe and developed an addiction to gambling which have depleted. For a while, he had to humiliate himself by borrowing money from acquaintances or pledging assets, but eventually became famous for his books. Towards the end of his life he lived in St. Petersburg and had a conservative, nationalist and pro-Czarist-orthodox. Journal newspaper writer, which I wrote and edited by themselves and solidified coryphaeus image of Russian political-cultural world.


Invenit Mundo  presents the main historical significance of the day November 16:

1717 - He was born Jean Le Rond d`Alembert, mathematician, philosopher and writer, co-author and editor of the famous "French Encyclopedia", along with Diderot (d. October 29, 1783)

1766 - Rodolphe Kreutzer was born violinist and composer, to whom Beethoven dedicated his "Sonata for Piano and Violin, Opus 47", known as the "Kreutzer Sonata" (d. January 6, 1831)

1816 - was born poet Andrei Muresanu, one of the leaders of the Romanian Revolution of 1848, the author of the poem "Wake up, Romanian!" Became the national anthem of Romania after 1989 (d. October 12, 1863).

1897 - was born stage and film director Ion Şahighian (d. March 11, 1965)

1903 - was born Dumitru Stăniloaie, theology professor, member of the Romanian Academy, considered one of the greatest Christian thinkers, former political prisoner (d. 4 October 1993)

1945 - It was founded UNESCO (UNESCO), the UN specialized agency

1960 - He died actor Clark Gable, who remained in the history of world cinema with his portrayal of Rhett Butler in "Gone with the Wind" (b. February 1, 1901)

1994 - Helmut Kohl is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany reunified

1997 - Former UN secretary general Boutros Boutros- Ghali, was elected first president of the organization of francophone countries

2001 - Tommy Flanagan died, jazz pianist and composer (b. March 16, 1930).

2004 - US presidential security adviser, Condoleezza Rice, was officially appointed as Secretary of State Colin Powell in his place.

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Source: Descopera

Day the Tsar Peter the Great of Russia (1672-1725) imposes tax on beards ...

Tsar Peter the Great of Russia (photo: construction litmag.com)

Clergy and peasantry were exempt from paying this tax.

It is said that somewhere in the administrative records of the Massachusetts there is a charge for very rough beard wearers. But often such rumors about bizarre and old law given by various US states 150-200 years ago are simply urban legends.

Fortunately, history has hidden in her sleeve and a concrete and verifiable on such a charge, and for this we must thank Peter the Great of Russia (1672-1725). Peter and I were assigned to all the attributes available, ranging from "radical" to "crazy"; however, the tax imposed on beard since September 5, 1698 is likely to classify unequivocally in the latter category. 

In addition, as evidence additional to that of too much love (or obsession) for the modernization of Russia, Tsar hatred actually beards, those men who do not give any nohow to ornament facial and accepted to pay the tax, however, were forced public to wear medals attesting that their beards are absolutely ridiculous.

An unexpected comeback hatred toward beard took place in Romania during the communist period,  were not regarded favorably by the militia because they were considered intellectuals and potentially dangerous for the regime.

Mundo teach you through the main historical significance of the day 5 September:

1666 - Great Fire of London Ends: 10,000 buildings, including St Paul's Cathedral are destroyed, but only 6 people died;

1698 - Tsar Peter the Great of Russia introduced a tax on beards, except clergy and peasantry, to compel the people to give up habits Oriental;

1725 - The wedding of King Louis XV of France with Marie Leszczyńska;

1905 - Under the mediation of US President Theodore Roosevelt, Russo-Japanese War ended with the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth;

1914 - World War I: Started First Battle of the Marne, in which 550,000 soldiers died after the French army attacked the German army advance towards Paris;

1916 - World War I: Battle of Bazargic started;

1939 - Japan and the United States declares its neutrality in the "European war";

1940 - Suspension of the Constitution in February 1938; King Charles II gives Marshal Ion Antonescu main royal prerogative;

1944 - The Fourth Romanian Army stops German-Hungarian offensive in central Transylvania;


1972 - Olympic Games in Munich: Eight Arab terrorists, representing the militant group "Black September" broke into the Olympic Village, killed two members of the delegation of Israel and took them hostage on other 9. During the rescue operation the hostages died 5 terrorists and a policeman.



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Source: Descopera

A pack of 400 wolves terrorizing a city in Russia

A true "super pack" of wolves, which counts no less than 400 copies, took the open attack against people circling the Far East Russian city Verkhoyansk. So far, the huge pack, driven by hunger and cold killed more than 30 horses within the last 4 days.

"To protect the city and the people we had to create emergency no less than 24 teams of hunters armed, who will patrol the surroundings and will put traps. With the dawn, our guys will start to shoot wolves live in helicopters. but we need more people. we pay as a reward amount of $ 300 for each wolf fur, "says nonchalantly Rozhin Stepan, Russian official Verkhoyansk district.

On the other hand, environmentalists and scientists do not understand the reasons which led to such a mega-packs. A normal pack of wolves not exceeding 7 copies and mega-pack of Verkhoyansk is also a "federation of wolves" made up of hundreds of packs together.

"It is unusual for wolves to unite the packs so big and move on to attack the horses. I guess wine bears particularly cold winter with temperatures of -49 degrees Celsius, which killed deer and wild boars, wolves natural prey . Moreover, the number of rabbits in the area, another prey favorite of wolves has decreased significantly due to lack of vegetation. wolves are intelligent animals that are moving instantly on the lightest prey, providing at the same time, the greater quantities of meat in this situation, these spoils happened to be horses, "said Dr. Valerius Geist, an expert in the biology and behavior of wolves in Siberia.

Verkhoyansk has a population of just 1,300 people and is one of the most remote and coldest human settlements in the entire northern hemisphere, being located in an area with grim echoes, known as the Ring of Death. Here, bloody dictator Stalin used to send opponents and political rivals, they prey died of cold, hunger and wolves.

Source: DailyMail