Feodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (b. November 11, 1821 - February 9, 1881) was one of the most prominent Russian writers, his works having a profound and lasting impact on literature, philosophy, psychology and theology of the twentieth century. His best-known creations are the four great novels, Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, The Brothers Karamazov and Demons and novella Notes from Underground.
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| Fyodor Dostoyevsky photo: wikipedia.org |
Dostoevsky was born in Moscow and was introduced to literature at an early age, through tales and legends written by Russian and foreign authors. When his mother died of tuberculosis in 1837, he and his brother Michael were sent by their father, a retired military surgeon and extremely severe, the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute in St. Petersburg. During this period the seizures began.
After graduation, he worked as a design engineer, but he used to translate books to supplement their funds. 1846 is a huge success with his first novel, poor people, and is noted critic and philosopher Vissarion Belinsky.
Dostoevsky was arrested and imprisoned in 1849 for anti-state activities against Tsar Nicholas I. On November 16, 1849, was sentenced to death for participating in the meetings of a circle of young Fourierist (led by Michael Petraşevski), where had discussions subversive.
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| Nicholas I of Russia photo: wikipedia.org |
It seems that the circle of 1849 it had delivered a poem by Pushkin against slavery, where one of the listeners would have replied that slavery can not fall only through revolution. On hearing these words, Dostoevsky exclaimed "Whether and revolution."
On December 22, 1849, the writer is brought before a firing squad along with 29 other comrades. Dressed only in robe, a terrible cold, Dostoyevsky kissed the cross, worships, but refuses to share. Even before the command to shoot an officer brings an order of the king to commute the sentence to hard labor in Siberia and correctional army. During this period, amid terror to which he was subjected by Major Krivţov, they have escalated attacks of epilepsy.
After his release in 1854, he was forced to enlist as a soldier, and then worked as a writer and journalist. He made several trips to Europe and developed an addiction to gambling which have depleted. For a while, he had to humiliate himself by borrowing money from acquaintances or pledging assets, but eventually became famous for his books. Towards the end of his life he lived in St. Petersburg and had a conservative, nationalist and pro-Czarist-orthodox. Journal newspaper writer, which I wrote and edited by themselves and solidified coryphaeus image of Russian political-cultural world.
Invenit Mundo presents the main historical significance of the day November 16:
1717 - He was born Jean Le Rond d`Alembert, mathematician, philosopher and writer, co-author and editor of the famous "French Encyclopedia", along with Diderot (d. October 29, 1783)
1766 - Rodolphe Kreutzer was born violinist and composer, to whom Beethoven dedicated his "Sonata for Piano and Violin, Opus 47", known as the "Kreutzer Sonata" (d. January 6, 1831)
1816 - was born poet Andrei Muresanu, one of the leaders of the Romanian Revolution of 1848, the author of the poem "Wake up, Romanian!" Became the national anthem of Romania after 1989 (d. October 12, 1863).
1897 - was born stage and film director Ion Şahighian (d. March 11, 1965)
1903 - was born Dumitru Stăniloaie, theology professor, member of the Romanian Academy, considered one of the greatest Christian thinkers, former political prisoner (d. 4 October 1993)
1945 - It was founded UNESCO (UNESCO), the UN specialized agency
1960 - He died actor Clark Gable, who remained in the history of world cinema with his portrayal of Rhett Butler in "Gone with the Wind" (b. February 1, 1901)
1994 - Helmut Kohl is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany reunified
1997 - Former UN secretary general Boutros Boutros- Ghali, was elected first president of the organization of francophone countries
2001 - Tommy Flanagan died, jazz pianist and composer (b. March 16, 1930).
2004 - US presidential security adviser, Condoleezza Rice, was officially appointed as Secretary of State Colin Powell in his place.
Other articles on the same theme:
- Day the Tsar Peter the Great of Russia (1672-1725) imposes tax on beards
- In pre-revolutionary Russia, there was no one more divisive than the megalomaniac mystic, Grigori Rasputin.
- Marie Curie - the most important women in science
- Paracelsus one of the greatest scientists in history. He established the optimal dose of poison and hoping to create homunculi
Source: Descopera
