Personal conclusion about God after reading the Bible

Universal Being Reddit

This is my personal conclusion I reached after reading the Bible. If He ( God ) does not have this love compasion feeling in His Creation,  He becomes angry and destroys it. He does not accept to oppose Him, He does not accept to speak ill of him, he does not accept to have ugly thoughts. 

Freedom of expression does not accept it. Such traits belong to a what kind of Omnipotent ? no matter how much he says about himself that it is love, agree with Him but sometimes the love he demands is hard to achieve and maintain in such a great world where everyone struggles for survival. . If he created man with free will, then he should also respect his negative manifestations.

Origin of the universe riddle solved by Canadian physicists Daily Express

I tried to understand. what are the good deeds that hang in the imaginary balance of heaven? It remains to be seen in the end of our lives, when our bodies will take a path of natural transformation or incineration we'll talk about that another time. You may also like other opinion

• Is it possible for life to be an unintended consequence of our universe?

In my personal opinion, if you help those who really need it like many poor people and homless persons, theoretically you can tip the Heaven balance or something up there we still do not know, if you help the needy with a good heart without rasism or social level and respect the The 10 commandments bellow My other question is: How did you come to believe, reading the bible, that God is love and that He loves his creation?

Bible - Wikipedia

The Ten Commandments wikipedia of course !

Main article Exodus 20:1-17 Deuteronomy 5:4-21
I am the Lord thy God 2[28] 6[28]
Thou shalt have no other gods before me 3[29] 7[29]
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image 4–6[30] 8–10[30]
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain 7[31] 11[31]
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy 8–11[32] 12–15[33]
Honour thy father and thy mother 12[34] 16[35]
Thou shalt not murder 13[36] 17[36]
Thou shalt not commit adultery 14[37] 18[38]
Thou shalt not steal 15[39] 19[40]
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour 16[41] 20[42]
Thou shalt not covet (neighbour's house) 17a[43] 21b[44]
Thou shalt not covet (neighbour's wife) 17b[45] 21a[46]

Thou shalt not covet (neighbour's slaves, animals, or anything else) 17c[47] 21c[48]

Ten Commandments - Wikipedia

Let's say he doesn't like the way man manifests himself, in this situation He only has to isolate him, to isolate the bad from the good, but in no case to destroy them. Religious will claim that He has the right to destroy His creation, in order to make room for a better one. As I said at the beginning, I came to this conclusion by reading the Bible and I repeat it is my personal opinion


I draw your attention to the fact that God's words are as important as his deeds.



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Fundamental forces are different depending on the region of space!

EarthSky

Data collected from a quasar 13 billion light-years away suggest a discrepancy between measurements of fundamental forces on Earth and those in that region.

Scientists have observed over time the existence of four fundamental forces: electromagnetism, gravity, strong nuclear force and weak nuclear force. A study that gathered data from a number of previous studies concluded that electromagnetism has values ​​that vary depending on the region of the universe in which it is measured, and this has a number of implications for how we understand the universe.

Starting from these differences in the values ​​of electromagnetism, scientists have theorized that they have a kind of north and south poles, which show the direction in which these variations can be mapped. "The new study seems to support this idea that there could be a directionality in the Universe, which is really very strange. So the universe may not be isotropic in its physical laws to be the same, statistically, in all directions, ”explains James Webb, a researcher at the University of New South Wales in Australia.

"But, in fact, there could be a certain direction or preferred direction in the Universe where the laws of physics change, but not in a perpendicular direction. In other words, the Universe has, in a certain sense, a dipole structure ", explains the researcher.

The data collected in this study call into question the theories and explanatory models that scientists currently use to explain how the universe evolves and various phenomena occur. "Our standard model of cosmology is based on an isotropic universe, one that is statistically the same in all directions. This standard model is built on Einstein's theory of gravity, which explicitly assumes the constancy of the laws of nature, "adds Webb.


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The study was published in Science Advances.

US researchers succeeded in creating elementary particles using quantum computers with 512 qubits

Quantum computing has long dangled the possibility of superfast, super-efficient processing, and now search giant Google has jumped on board that future. popsci.com 

US researchers  succeeded in creating elementary particles using quantum computers with 512 qubits quantum bit. They estimate that 10 are needed at the power of 500 qubits or 1, e + 500 qubits to simulate the entire universe with all its fundamental particles. Each atom is composed of electrons, protons and neutrons, and each of these particles consists of 1 (electron) or 3 quartz

In quantum computing, a qubit or quantum bit (sometimes qbit) is the basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classical binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the weirdness of quantum mechanics. Examples include: the spin of the electron in which the two levels can be taken as spin up and spin down; or the polarization of a single photon in which the two states can be taken to be the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization. In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of both states/levels at the same time, a property that is fundamental to quantum mechanics and thus quantum computing.

Autodesk qubits-explained

Each quark consists of 6 fundamental particles with different spin In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle with no substructure, thus not composed of other particles. Particles currently thought to be elementary include the fundamental fermions (quarks, leptons, antiquarks, and antileptons), which generally are "matter particles" and "antimatter particles", as well as the fundamental bosons (gauge bosons and the Higgs boson), which generally are "force particles" that mediate interactions among fermions. A particle containing two or more elementary particles is a composite particle.

Everyday matter is composed of atoms, once presumed to be matter's elementary particles—atom meaning "unable to cut" in Greek—although the atom's existence remained controversial until about 1910, as some leading physicists regarded molecules as mathematical illusions, and matter as ultimately composed of energy. Soon, subatomic constituents of the atom were identified. As the 1930s opened, the electron and the proton had been observed[citation needed], along with the photon, the particle of electromagnetic radiation. At that time, the recent advent of quantum mechanics was radically altering the conception of particles, as a single particle could seemingly span a field as would a wave, a paradox still eluding satisfactory explanation

The energy behind them is the same, only the mathematical equations that are those smells and spins are different

Therefore, this universal simulation is made up of immense energy and intense computational effort

Scientists simulate the Universe's birth (Credit: Patrick Landmann/Science Photo Library)

They believe that most of the characters in the local universe containing 7 trillions of galaxies, of which 250 billion stars, the rest being in the nebula;

Each galaxy is composed of a central black hole and between 100 and 1,000 billion stars
each star has between 10 and 100 planets

Each planet can have hundreds of natural satellites (Jupiter in our solar system as a gas giant)
and on every planet or satellite that meets the conditions can live billions of intelligent beings and trillions of beings in total

tecreview.tec

Well most of the characters are simulated they do not have the spirit of being outside the universe
however, the purpose of this gigantic simulation is historical, the purpose being to find out how the universe would evolve if some key characters would have done other things in life
that is, if a political leader like myself would live in poverty, he would not join a political party and would not become a president ...

The voice in the brain tells me that I have accomplished 93% of what I had to do until now, although only 20% of my real life has been respected it's actually pretty boring to follow your life's schedule as it's already just you know what you've done or suspect.


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Stephen Hawking's new ship could reach the "Second Earth" in the next 20 years

Stephen Hawking says humanity must find a new home Max Alexander/Starmus

The renowned physicist Stephen Hawking is working on a spacecraft that can travel at a fifth of the speed of light – meaning it could reach the nearest star and send back images of a suspected ‘Second Earth’ within 25 years – in a bid to save humanity.

The Space Telescope That Could Find a Second Earth Space Air & Space Magazine

In a speech at the Starmus Festival, Professor Hawking warned humans must soon colonise another planet if we are to survive.

One explanation for why Earth has not been contacted by an advanced civilisations from another part of the Universe is that every time ‘intelligent’ life evolves it annihilates itself with “war, disease and weapons of mass destruction”, he said.

The myth that humans can mass-colonise another planet News24

And in addition to the chance that we will meet this fate, Professor Hawking said the planet had become too small for our burgeoning population with its “physical resources … being drained at an alarming rate”. Climate change, an asteroid strike or some other kind of cataclysmic cosmic event also pose significant threats.

The proposed spacecraft, called a Star Chip, would be just a few centimetres in size with a lightsail weighing a few grams. It would be powered by an array of lasers based on Earth that would drive the tiny probe “on a beam of light” at about 100 million miles an hour, a fifth of light speed.

Credit: duluthnewstribune

“Such a system could reach Mars in less than an hour, reach Pluto in days, pass Voyager [the space probe launched in 1977] in under a week, and reach Alpha Centauri in just over 20 years,” Professor Hawking said.

“Once there, the nano craft could image any planets discovered in the system, test for magnetic fields and organic molecules, and send the data back to Earth in another laser beam. 

“This tiny signal would be received by the same array of dishes that were used to transit the launch beam, and return is estimated to take about four light years.

“Importantly, the Star Chips’ trajectories may include a fly-by of Proxima b, the Earth-sized planet that is in the habitable zone of … Alpha Centauri.”

And he admitted: “Of course, this would not be human interstellar travel, even if it could be scaled up to a crewed vessel. It would be unable to stop. 

“But it would be the moment when human culture goes interstellar, when we finally reach out into the galaxy. And if Breakthrough Star Shot should send back images of a habitable planet orbiting our closest neighbour, it could be of immense importance to the future of humanity.”

Because it is travelling so fast any pictures taken by a camera on the Space Chip would be “slightly distorted” due to the effects of special relativity, as first described by Albert Einstein. This would be the first time anything has travelled fast enough to see such effects.

Breakthrough Starshot Optics & Photonics News

And extolling the virtues of the human attribution – “out most powerful attribute” – he said: “With this, we can roam anywhere in space and time. And I do. 

“We can witness nature’s most exotic phenomena while in a car, snoozing in bed, or pretending to listen to someone boring at a party. And I do.”

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The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Independent . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

159th anniversary Tagore vs Einstein: One of the most important historical discussion about religion and science

Credit: wikipedia

Updated 11/05/2020

Rabindranath Tagore's 159th anniversary: Why Bengal prays to a poet

For Bengalis, Tagore's birth date in the Western calendar shifts every year, just like it does for holy festivals—the poet is celebrated like a god

Rabindra Jayanti 2020: Know Interesting Facts From Rabindranath 

------------------------------------------------------------------

On July 14, 1930, Albert Einstein welcomed into his home on the outskirts of Berlin the Indian philosopher, musician, and Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. The two proceeded to have one of the most stimulating, intellectually riveting conversations in history, exploring the age-old friction between science and religion. Science and the Indian Tradition: When Einstein Met Tagore (public library) recounts the historic encounter, amidst a broader discussion of the intellectual renaissance that swept India in the early twentieth century, germinating a curious osmosis of Indian traditions and secular Western scientific doctrine.

The following excerpt from one of Einstein and Tagore’s conversations dances between previously examined definitions of science, beauty, consciousness, and philosophy in a masterful meditation on the most fundamental questions of human existence.

EINSTEIN: Do you believe in the Divine as isolated from the world?

Rabindranath Tagore Biography & Facts Britannica

TAGORE: Not isolated. The infinite personality of Man comprehends the Universe. There cannot be anything that cannot be subsumed by the human personality, and this proves that the Truth of the Universe is human Truth.

I have taken a scientific fact to explain this — Matter is composed of protons and electrons, with gaps between them; but matter may seem to be solid. Similarly humanity is composed of individuals, yet they have their interconnection of human relationship, which gives living unity to man’s world. The entire universe is linked up with us in a similar manner, it is a human universe. I have pursued this thought through art, literature and the religious consciousness of man.

Rabindranath Tagore: Friendship and love The Economic Times

EINSTEIN: There are two different conceptions about the nature of the universe: (1) The world as a unity dependent on humanity. (2) The world as a reality independent of the human factor.

Albert Einstein walking on down the street Pinterest

TAGORE: When our universe is in harmony with Man, the eternal, we know it as Truth, we feel it as beauty.

Tagore Translation Deemed Racy Is Pulled From Stores in China The New York Times

EINSTEIN: This is the purely human conception of the universe.



TAGORE: There can be no other conception. This world is a human world — the scientific view of it is also that of the scientific man. There is some standard of reason and enjoyment which gives it Truth, the standard of the Eternal Man whose experiences are through our experiences.

EINSTEIN: This is a realization of the human entity.

TAGORE: Yes, one eternal entity. We have to realize it through our emotions and activities. We realized the Supreme Man who has no individual limitations through our limitations. Science is concerned with that which is not confined to individuals; it is the impersonal human world of Truths. Religion realizes these Truths and links them up with our deeper needs; our individual consciousness of Truth gains universal significance. Religion applies values to Truth, and we know this Truth as good through our own harmony with it.

Rabindranath with Einstein in 1930 Credit: wikipedia

EINSTEIN: Truth, then, or Beauty is not independent of Man?

TAGORE: No.

EINSTEIN: If there would be no human beings any more, the Apollo of Belvedere would no longer be beautiful.

TAGORE: No.

EINSTEIN: I agree with regard to this conception of Beauty, but not with regard to Truth.

TAGORE: Why not? Truth is realized through man.

EINSTEIN: I cannot prove that my conception is right, but that is my religion.consciousness, and philosophy

TAGORE: Beauty is in the ideal of perfect harmony which is in the Universal Being; Truth the perfect comprehension of the Universal Mind. We individuals approach it through our own mistakes and blunders, through our accumulated experiences, through our illumined consciousness — how, otherwise, can we know Truth?

EINSTEIN: I cannot prove scientifically that Truth must be conceived as a Truth that is valid independent of humanity; but I believe it firmly. I believe, for instance, that the Pythagorean theorem in geometry states something that is approximately true, independent of the existence of man. Anyway, if there is a reality independent of man, there is also a Truth relative to this reality; and in the same way the negation of the first engenders a negation of the existence of the latter.

TAGORE: Truth, which is one with the Universal Being, must essentially be human, otherwise whatever we individuals realize as true can never be called truth – at least the Truth which is described as scientific and which only can be reached through the process of logic, in other words, by an organ of thoughts which is human. According to Indian Philosophy there is Brahman, the absolute Truth, which cannot be conceived by the isolation of the individual mind or described by words but can only be realized by completely merging the individual in its infinity. But such a Truth cannot belong to Science. The nature of Truth which we are discussing is an appearance – that is to say, what appears to be true to the human mind and therefore is human, and may be called maya or illusion.

EINSTEIN: So according to your conception, which may be the Indian conception, it is not the illusion of the individual, but of humanity as a whole.

TAGORE: The species also belongs to a unity, to humanity. Therefore the entire human mind realizes Truth; the Indian or the European mind meet in a common realization.

EINSTEIN: The word species is used in German for all human beings, as a matter of fact, even the apes and the frogs would belong to it.

TAGORE: In science we go through the discipline of eliminating the personal limitations of our individual minds and thus reach that comprehension of Truth which is in the mind of the Universal Man.

EINSTEIN: The problem begins whether Truth is independent of our consciousness.

TAGORE: What we call truth lies in the rational harmony between the subjective and objective aspects of reality, both of which belong to the super-personal man.

EINSTEIN: Even in our everyday life we feel compelled to ascribe a reality independent of man to the objects we use. We do this to connect the experiences of our senses in a reasonable way. For instance, if nobody is in this house, yet that table remains where it is.

TAGORE: Yes, it remains outside the individual mind, but not the universal mind. The table which I perceive is perceptible by the same kind of consciousness which I possess.

EINSTEIN: If nobody would be in the house the table would exist all the same — but this is already illegitimate from your point of view — because we cannot explain what it means that the table is there, independently of us.

Our natural point of view in regard to the existence of truth apart from humanity cannot be explained or proved, but it is a belief which nobody can lack — no primitive beings even. We attribute to Truth a super-human objectivity; it is indispensable for us, this reality which is independent of our existence and our experience and our mind — though we cannot say what it means.

TAGORE: Science has proved that the table as a solid object is an appearance and therefore that which the human mind perceives as a table would not exist if that mind were naught. At the same time it must be admitted that the fact, that the ultimate physical reality is nothing but a multitude of separate revolving centres of electric force, also belongs to the human mind.

In the apprehension of Truth there is an eternal conflict between the universal human mind and the same mind confined in the individual. The perpetual process of reconciliation is being carried on in our science, philosophy, in our ethics. In any case, if there be any Truth absolutely unrelated to humanity then for us it is absolutely non-existing.

It is not difficult to imagine a mind to which the sequence of things happens not in space but only in time like the sequence of notes in music. For such a mind such conception of reality is akin to the musical reality in which Pythagorean geometry can have no meaning. There is the reality of paper, infinitely different from the reality of literature. For the kind of mind possessed by the moth which eats that paper literature is absolutely non-existent, yet for Man’s mind literature has a greater value of Truth than the paper itself. In a similar manner if there be some Truth which has no sensuous or rational relation to the human mind, it will ever remain as nothing so long as we remain human beings.

EINSTEIN: Then I am more religious than you are!

TAGORE: My religion is in the reconciliation of the Super-personal Man, the universal human spirit, in my own individual being.


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Vera Rubin, the American astronomer who confirmed the existence of dark matter, died at the age of 88 years.

Vera Rubin, the American astronomer who confirmed the existence of dark matter,  died at the age of 88 years, on the December 25, 2016.

First, the existence of this material was proposed by astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky in the 30s, but Rubin is one that confirmed his hypothesis. The observations made by scientists in the 70s were met with skepticism, but were confirmed in the decades that followed.

BBC - Universe - Vera Rubin photo: bbc

Reaching for the Stars - Vera Rubin photo: vq.vassar.edu

First, the existence of this material was proposed by astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky in the 30s, but Rubin is one that confirmed his hypothesis. The observations made by scientists in the 70s were met with skepticism, but were confirmed in the decades that followed.

Dark matter is invisible and impossible to detect because it does not absorb or emit light, so even until this day no one knows exactly what it consists of.

Proof of its existence came when astronomers began to weigh galaxies and noticed that they are much heavier than was originally thought. Vera Rubin worked with a new spectrographs to determine the stars from the edge moves faster than was observed since the first calculations use only the visible matter. It is argued that this difference in speed is due to dark matter.

Rubin's discovery was presented in 1980 in an influential paper that supported the idea that dark matter is an essential mystery that astronomers need to solve.


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The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Curiosity . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

Chandra X-Ray Observatory Recently discovered new SPT0346-52. Galaxy is undergoing an extraordinary boom of stellar construction, clues to universe’s evolution and big bang

The distorted galaxy in the simulation results from a collision between two galaxies, followed by them merging. Astronomers think such a merger could be the reason why SPT0346-52 is having such a boom of stellar construction. Once the two galaxies collide, gas near the center of the merged galaxy (shown as the bright region in the center of the simulation) is compressed, producing a burst of new stars. The composite inset shows X-ray data from Chandra (blue), short wavelength infrared data from Hubble (green), infrared light from Spitzer (red) at longer wavelengths, and infrared data from ALMA (magenta) at even longer wavelengths. (The light from SPT0346-52 is distorted and magnified by the gravity of an intervening galaxy, producing three elongated images in the ALMA data located near the center of the image. SPT0346-52 is not visible in the Hubble or Spitzer data, but the intervening galaxy causing the gravitational lensing is detected.) There is no blue at the center of the image, showing that Chandra did not detect any X-rays that could have signaled the presence of a growing black hole. Credit: Image courtesy of CXC Press Office.

A recently discovered galaxy is undergoing an extraordinary boom of stellar construction, revealed by a group of astronomers led by University of Florida graduate student Jingzhe Ma using NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory.

The galaxy known as SPT 0346‐52 is 12.7 billion light years from Earth, seen at a critical stage in the evolution of galaxies about a billion years after the Big Bang.

Chandra Overview NASA

Astronomers first discovered SPT 0346‐52 with the National Science Foundation's South Pole Telescope, then observed it with space and ground-based telescopes. Data from the NSF/ESO Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array in Chile revealed extremely bright infrared emission, suggesting that the galaxy is undergoing a tremendous burst of star birth.

South Pole Telescope - Wikipedia

SPT 0346-52 is part of a population of strong gravitationally-lensed galaxies photo: discovered Sci-News.com

However, an alternative explanation remained: Was much of the infrared emission instead caused by a rapidly growing supermassive black hole at the galaxy's center? Gas falling towards the black hole would become much hotter and brighter, causing surrounding dust and gas to glow in infrared light. To explore this possibility, researchers used NASA's Chandra X‐ray Observatory and CSIRO's Australia Telescope Compact Array, a radio telescope.

No X‐rays or radio waves were detected, so astronomers were able to rule out a black hole being responsible for most of the bright infrared light.

About Australia Telescope Compact Array - CSIRO

"We now know that this galaxy doesn't have a gorging black hole, but instead is shining brightly with the light from newborn stars," Ma said. "This gives us information about how galaxies and the stars within them evolve during some of the earliest times in the universe."

Stars are forming at a rate of about 4,500 times the mass of the Sun every year in SPT0346-52, one of the highest rates seen in a galaxy. This is in contrast to a galaxy like the Milky Way that only forms about one solar mass of new stars per year.

"Astronomers call galaxies with lots of star formation 'starburst' galaxies," said UF astronomy professor Anthony Gonzalez, who co-authored the study. "That term doesn't seem to do this galaxy justice, so we are calling it a 'hyper-starburst' galaxy."

The high rate of star formation implies that a large reservoir of cool gas in the galaxy is being converted into stars with unusually high efficiency.

Astronomers hope that by studying more galaxies like SPT0346‐52 they will learn more about the formation and growth of massive galaxies and the supermassive black holes at their centers.

"For decades, astronomers have known that supermassive black holes and the stars in their host galaxies grow together," said co-author Joaquin Vieira of the University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign. "Exactly why they do this is still a mystery. SPT0346-52 is interesting because we have observed an incredible burst of stars forming, and yet found no evidence for a growing supermassive black hole. We would really like to study this galaxy in greater detail and understand what triggered the star formation and how that affects the growth of the black hole."

Joaquin Vieira Wins Sloan Fellowship Astronomy at Illinois

SPT0346‐52 is part of a population of strong gravitationally-lensed galaxies discovered with the SPT. It appears about six times brighter than it would without gravitational lensing, which enables astronomers to see more details than would otherwise be possible.



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Astronomers issued a shocking theory about the universe: 'The Universe is Flat!'

The local geometry of the universe is determined by whether the density parameter Ω is greater than, less than, or equal to 1.

From top to bottom: a spherical universe with Ω > 1, a hyperbolic universe with Ω < 1, and a flat universe with Ω = 1. Note that these depictions of two-dimensional surfaces are merely easily visualizable analogs to the 3-dimensional structure of (local) space. photo: wikipedia.org

The universe is flat, has said recently, but there are many subtleties behind this assertion. How can we tell the Universe form? It means that a 3D object to be flat? May be other interesting things to say?

Hubble Eyes Hanny's Voorwerp - Universe Today

For starters, we must define the notion of "flat". Screen that look is flat and the earth is curved, for example, but we can calculate mathematically how this? A plausible answer refers to the parallel lines, for as you draw two parallel on a sheet of paper and will continue, they will be forever parallel, it is the more common definition of parallel lines. 

43K Galaxies: Most Complete 3D Map of the Universe Ever

However, this exercise must be repeated in relation to the Earth's surface, each heading towards the north, and the shape of the curve of the Earth makes them meet at a time. Earth curbaţiei opposite that of a saddle, the surface of which parallel lines move away from each other. So you can measure "flat" structure using only parallels.

Slices through the Sloan Digital Sky Survey 3-dimensional map of the distribution of galaxies with the Earth at the center, an example of an experimental attempt to catalog the observable universe. photo: wikipedia.org

However, determining the shape of the universe is a matter of cosmology, and he has a plurality of deformation, there are masses of energy and there is a close correlation between time and space. Have you ever wondered what the difference between a sphere and a cylinder? Use your schools which have drawn two parallel lines and manufactured a cylinder. Meanwhile observed parallel lines: they remain, indeed, parallel to the cylinder is flat.


This happens because there is a clear distinction between geometry and topography, and as he studied the geometry of the universe is very careful, not topography. But if the universe is indeed flat, this is met in a very distant place, which can not be observed by astronomers, because they never observed galaxies and the CMB identical intersecting.

The universe is flat, has said recently, but there are many subtleties behind this assertion. How can we tell the Universe form? It means that a 3D object to be flat? May be other interesting things to say?

For starters, we must define the notion of "flat". Screen that look is flat and the earth is curved, for example, but we can calculate mathematically how this? A plausible answer refers to the parallel lines, for as you draw two parallel on a sheet of paper and will continue, they will be forever parallel, it is the more common definition of parallel lines. However, this exercise must be repeated in relation to the Earth's surface, each heading towards the north, and the shape of the curve of the Earth makes them meet at a time. Earth curbaţiei opposite that of a saddle, the surface of which parallel lines move away from each other. So you can measure "flat" structure using only parallels.

Mapping the Universe, containing the circular map of the universe

However, determining the shape of the universe is a matter of cosmology, and he has a plurality of deformation, there are masses of energy and there is a close correlation between time and space. Have you ever wondered what the difference between a sphere and a cylinder? Use your schools which have drawn two parallel lines and manufactured a cylinder. Meanwhile observed parallel lines: they remain, indeed, parallel to the cylinder is flat.

Mapping the Universe: Space, Time, and Discoveries

This happens because there is a clear distinction between geometry and topography, and as he studied the geometry of the universe is very careful, not topography. But if the universe is indeed flat, this is met in a very distant place, which can not be observed by astronomers, because they never observed galaxies and the CMB identical intersecting

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• The universe: Reading the future from the distant past

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• Young galaxies "born" at least 50 stars annually

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The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Space . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.