Astronomer who rewrote the history of the Universe. He originally wanted to be a priest. Later, his mother had suffered from Church

The Great Comet of 1577, which Kepler witnessed as a child, attracted the attention of astronomers across Europe photo: wikipedia

December 27, 1571 was born Johannes Kepler, astronomer and astrologer, who discovered that the Earth and the planets move around the sun in an elliptical orbit (d. November 15, 1630)

Kepler was born  in Weil der Stadt, Württemberg, Germany, and studied since 1591 theology at the University of Tübingen. One of his teachers was Michael Maestlin, defender of the heliocentric theory of Copernicus. 

Michael Maestlin - Wikipedia

Kepler wanted to be a priest, a Protestant, but finally, with great penchant for math function supports 1594 teacher of mathematics and astronomy at the University of Graz, Austria. Here are working on a complex geometrical hypotheses aimed at explaining the remoteness of the orbits of the five planets known at that time (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn).

University of Tübingen Britannica

Kepler was a German mathematician and optician. photo: wikipedia

Kepler believes that the sun exerts a force that decreases in proportion to the removal of a planet: "Planets move accordingly on an elliptical path, the center of which is the sun." Thus states the first law of planetary motion (see Kepler's Laws), published in "Mysterium Cosmographicum" ( "The Mystery of cosmic world", 1596).

In April 1597, Kepler married Barbara Mühlek. Due to pressure from the Catholic Counter-Reformation, Kepler is forced to leave Graz and in 1600 accepted the offer to work in Prague as an assistant to Tycho Brahe, the astronomer court Emperor Rudolf II.

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia

The Galileo Project

The qualities of Tycho Brahe's observatory are now complemented with exceptional knowledge of mathematics of Kepler. After the death of Brahe in 1601, Kepler became his successor as imperial mathematician and astronomer. 

Kepler observed 1604 "Supernova 1604" and published his observations in his "De Stella Nova in Serpentarii Pede" ( "About a new star in the constellation foot serpent"). In "Astronomia Nova" ( "New Astronomy", 1609) publishes research results on the ellipse Mars and the second law states: "The planet is closer to the sun, the faster it moves." 

Remnant of Kepler's Supernova SN 1604 photo: wikipedia

In 1612 Kepler is set at Linz in Austria, where his work appears "Harmonices Mundi" ( "Harmony of the World", 1619). In the last chapter of this book, based on observations and calculations, sets out the third law of planetary motion: "The square of time of revolution is proportional to the third power of the average distance between a planet and the sun."

In the years 1615-1620 Kepler had to defend his mother, who was accused of witchcraft. He eventually managed to obtain her release, but without being able to prevent the torture was subject, following which she died a year later. Kepler lived in an era of intolerance, struggles between Catholics and Protestants during the Thirty Years' War, was forced repeatedly to flee to escape persecution, although his attempts to remain neutral.

His last major work, published in his lifetime yet is Tabulae Rudolfinae (1627), which contains tables that describe the movements of the planets. It will be the basis for any astronomical for the next 200 years. In his theory of gravitation forces, Isaac Newton relied heavily on Kepler's observations.

Apart works of astronomy, Kepler described a process for determining the volumes on which will develop integral calculus. He also studied symmetry of snowflakes and calculated the natural forces involved in the growth and geometric structures that will be applied in the study of crystallography. He worked in the field of optics, which to remember his invention called "Kepler's telescope."


Johannes Kepler died on November 15, 1630 in Regensburg, Germany, aged 59 years. In his memory, the University of Linz called "Johannes Kepler Universität,".

Invenit Mundo presents major historical significance of the day December 27:

1585 - He died Pierre de Ronsard, the French poet, the main representative of the Pleiades (sixteenth-century French literary school) ( "Ode", "Hymns") (b. September 11, 1524)

1717 - was born Pope Pius VI (d. 1799)

1784 - peasant revolt led by Horea, Closca and Crisan, broke out November 2nd. 1784. Horea and Closca are trapped in the forest in the mountains Scoruşet Gilău, then imprisoned at Alba-Iulia

1806 - Constantine Ypsilanti returns to Bucharest. He organizes an army intended to enable the realization of his plan, establishing a kingdom of Dacia format Moldovan and Romanian Country Serbia

1816 - Held at the initiative of Gheorghe Asachi Iasi first theater performance in Romanian: "Mirtil and Hloe" pastoral in one act

1822 - Louis Pasteur was born chemist and biologist, member of the French Academy; He discovered the nature of infectious diseases of humans and animals and rabies vaccine (applied for the first time in 1885), thereby laying the foundations of immunology; established conservation beer pasteurisation method (d. September 28, 1895)

1831 - Charles Darwin embarked on his historic journey aboard the HMS Beagle royal

1832 - was born Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov, Russian critic and humorist, founder of the art gallery that bears his name

1896 - He was born American novelist Louis Bromfield (d. March 18, 1956)

1897 - VIANU Tudor was born, poet, philosopher and esthetician Romanian member of the Romanian Academy; He was director general of the National Commission for UNESCO director general of the Romanian Academy Library, Director of the National Theatre in Bucharest; wrote aesthetic and stylistic studies, memoirs, analyzed in terms of aesthetics Romanian literary phenomenon and universal ( "Art and beauty," "Art Romanian prose writers") (d. May 21, 1964)

1901 - Marlene Dietrich was born, legendary figure of cinema, film actress, theater, music hall, vaudeville singer (movies: "Blue Angel", "stigma of evil") (d. May 6, 1992)

1909 - D.A. Sturdza, due to sickness, withdraws from the party and the leadership of the PNL; I.I.C. Brătianu was appointed prime minister

1925 - He died Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin, Russian poet, one of the most sensitive of the village evocators Russian (committed suicide) (n.1895)

1945 - Establishment of the World Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as a result of the UN Monetary and Financial Conference in Bretton Woods (1 to 12 July 1945). Romania became a member of the two financial institutions to December 15, 1972

1977 - A Ciucurencu Alexander died, painter, member of the Romanian Academy; In 2003, UNESCO included in the calendar of cultural anniversaries and name Alexander Ciucurencu, marking 100 years since the birth of the painter (b. September 27, 1903)

1978 - In Spain establishes democracy after 40 years of dictatorship

1989 - In the first plenary NSFC was adopted Decree-Law no. 2 on the establishment, organization and functioning of NSFC and territorial councils of the NSF; also he was elected Executive Office of NSFC: President - Ion Iliescu; First Deputy Chairman - Dumitru Mazilu; Vice - Cazimir Ionescu, Karoly Kiraly; Secretary - Dan Martian; members - Teodoriu Bogdan, Vasile Neacsa, Silviu Brucan Manole Gheorghe Ion Caramitru, Nicolae Radu

1991 - It was open to the public, the Cotroceni National Museum, established on July 10, 1991

1995 - The Bosnian government army and Bosnian Serb forces evacuated the key positions on the front lines around Sarajevo

1998 - The European Commission approved the creation of a common bank, based in Vienna, by the third private bank German Dresdner Bank and National Bank of Paris (BNP), which aims to administer the activities of the two institutions in Europe East

2004 - Viktor Yushchenko has claimed victory in the presidential elections in Ukraine


2006 - Finished the former US president Gerald Ford life. He was the only president who was directly elected for the posts of president and vice president of the United States.


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Earth's mantle cools more quickly than was previously thought

Oceanic crust newly formed thinner than the old one, according to research. This indicates that the shell thinning earth cooled more quickly than was previously supposed

Studies have shown that the thickness of the newly volcanic crust has thinned over the last 170 million years. At a symposium of the American Geophysical Union, the researchers noted that this newly formed crust cooled two times faster than was previously thought.

From Earth's deep mantle, scientists find a new way volcanoes form Phys.org

This process provides valuable information about how the tectonic plates moderates internal temperature of the planet, according to Harm Van Avendonk, co-author of the study and a geophysicist at the University of Texas at Austin.

The discovery is fascinating, although more information is missing because oceanic crust thickness measurement requires seisimice studies. It also may explain why such supercontinents Pangea broke.

The upwelling of material deep in Earth's mantle can produce Earth.com

The shell is made up of rock earth hot (500-900 ° C at the top), under high pressure. When this material rises to the earth's surface, the pressure drops and rock begins to melt. This material may ascend to the surface by ocean rifts and build new crust. When the jacket temperature is higher, thicker crust is formed.

Comparing now the crust of 170 million years ago it was noticed that the old one is thicker by 1.7 km. The chemical analysis shows the lava rocks in that the mat formed was cooled to 6-11 degrees per 100 million years in the past 2.5 billion years. But the average Jurassic (170 mil. Years), mantle cooled by an average of 15-20 degrees Celsius per 100 million years.

The Structure of the Earth Marcellus Community Science e-education.psu.edu

Researchers have hypothesized that the tectonic plates causes this cooling. By forming new crust and sinking tectonic plates, coat loses heat. It has been found that the mantle beneath the Pacific Ocean (area with little tectonic activity) was cooled to 13 degrees Celsius per 100 million years, and the sheath in the Atlantic was cooled to 37 ° C per 100 million years.

An important factor in temperature variation of the shell is the supercontinent. Atlantic and Indian Ocean have occurred due to breakage Pangaea. Before this process, the mantle underneath has been able to keep high temperature, due to the high thickness of continental crust. When breaking, ocean crust mantle beneath the newly cooled quickly, while lowering the temperature of the mantle beneath the Pacific Ocean remained constant.

Earth - The outer shell Britannica

Also, the accumulation of heat beneath the continental crust (as if Pangaea) in a long time, breaking them. Laurent Montesi, a scientist at the University of Maryland, says that "this may explain why a continent breaks after 100 million years."

Facts About Pangaea the Most Recent Supercontinent Geology In

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First detection of boron on the surface of Mars New finding provides more clues about water habitability

ChemCam target Catabola is a raised resistant calcium sulfate vein with the highest abundance of boron observed so far. The red outline shows the location of the ChemCam target remote micro images (inset). The remote micro images show the location of each individual ChemCam laser point (red crosshairs) and the B chemistry associated with each point (colored bars). The scale bar is 9.2 mm or about 0.36 inches. Credit: JPL-Caltech/MSSS/LANL/CNES-IRAP/William Rapin

Boron has been identified for the first time on the surface of Mars, indicating the potential for long-term habitable groundwater in the ancient past. This finding and others from NASA's Curiosity rover science team will be discussed in a press conference today in San Francisco during the American Geophysical Union conference.

"No prior mission to Mars has found boron," said Patrick Gasda, a postdoctoral researcher at Los Alamos National Laboratory. "If the boron that we found in calcium sulfate mineral veins on Mars is similar to what we see on Earth, it would indicate that the groundwater of ancient Mars that formed these veins would have been 0-60 degrees Celsius [32-140 degrees Fahrenheit] and neutral-to-alkaline pH." The temperature, pH, and dissolved mineral content of the groundwater could make it habitable. 

Mars with oceans - Imgur

The boron was identified by the rover's laser-shooting Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument, which was developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory in conjunction with the French space agency. Los Alamos' work on discovery-driven instruments like ChemCam stems from the Laboratory's experience building and operating more than 500 spacecraft instruments for national defense. Boron is famously associated with arid sites where much water has evaporated away -- think of the borax that mule teams once hauled from Death Valley. However, environmental implications of the boron found by Curiosity are still open to debate. Scientists are considering at least two possibilities for the source of boron that groundwater left in the veins: 

The Curiosity rover on Mars with a simulated Chem- Cam laser pulse ResearchGate 

It could be that the drying out of part of Gale lake resulted in a boron-containing deposit in an overlying layer, not yet reached by Curiosity. Some of the material from this layer could have later been carried by groundwater down into fractures in the rocks. Or perhaps changes in the chemistry of clay-bearing deposits and groundwater affected how boron was picked up and dropped off within the local sediments.The discovery of boron is only one of several recent findings related to the composition of Martian rocks. Curiosity is climbing a layered Martian mountain and finding rock-composition evidence of how ancient lakes and wet underground environments changed, billions of years ago, in ways that affected their favorability for microbial life.

As the rover has progressed uphill, compositions trend toward more clay and more boron. These and other variations can tell us about conditions under which sediments were initially deposited and about how later groundwater moving through the accumulated layers altered and transported ingredients.Groundwater and chemicals dissolved in it that appeared later on Mars left its effects most clearly in mineral veins that filled cracks in older layered rock. But it also affected the composition of that rock matrix surrounding the veins, and the fluid was in turn affected by the rock.

Map of shallow subsurface water distribution on Mars 

"There is so much variability in the composition at different elevations, we've hit a jackpot," said John Grotzinger, of Caltech, Pasadena, Calif. As the rover gets further uphill, researchers are impressed by the complexity of the lake environments when clay-bearing sediments were being deposited and also by the complexity of the groundwater interactions after the sediments were buried.

"A sedimentary basin such as this is a chemical reactor," Grotzinger said. "Elements get rearranged. New minerals form and old ones dissolve. Electrons get redistributed. On Earth, these reactions support life." Whether Martian life has ever existed is still unknown. No compelling evidence for it has been found. When Curiosity landed in Mars' Gale Crater in 2012 the mission's main goal was to determine whether the area ever offered an environment favorable for microbes.Four recent drilling sites, from "Oudam" this past June through "Sebina" in October, are spaced about 80 feet (about 25 meters) apart in elevation. This uphill pattern allows the science team to sample progressively younger layers that reveal


Mount Sharp's ancient environmental history. "Variations in these minerals and elements indicate a dynamic system," Grotzinger said. "They interact with groundwater as well as surface water. The water influences the chemistry of the clays, but the composition of the water also changes. We are seeing chemical complexity indicating a long, interactive history with the water. The more complicated the chemistry is, the better it is for habitability. The boron and clay underline the mobility of elements and electrons, and that is good for life.


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Another amazing discovery made by archaeologists in The Holy Sepulcher

Church of the Holy Sepulchre photo: franklinnow.com

For decades, archaeologists and theologians have debated whether the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem is really the place where Christ was buried and that he rose after being crucified.

Nowadays, after scientists have obtained the agreement to open the tomb for the first time in 500 years, its content offers "visible evidence that the place where pilgrims venerate today is the same tomb that Roman Emperor Constantine found in century IV "

The tomb was dressed in Marble in the year 1500 to prevent visitors to steal pieces of it or relics. In previous centuries, the famous church was destroyed and rebuilt many times as experts began to have doubts about the exact location of the tomb and its contents.
 

The second room of the aedicula, purportedly containing the tomb of Jesus photo: wikipedia.org

After lifting the marble plate for the first time after 500 years, researchers have found in limestone shelf that is supposed to be the body of Jesus was laid, says The Mirror. In addition, it was discovered and a second slab of marble unknown to researchers, engraved with a cross believed to have been carved XIIl century by the Crusaders.

Archaeologist Fredrik Hiebert, National Geographic part of the team, said that "the thing that amazed me the most was when I removed the first layer of dust and found a second piece of marble. It was gray, beige not like that from the outside and even in the middle of it was a very nice cross inscribed. I had no idea that such a thing is there. "


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Mysterious inscriptions reveals a Dark Egypt during the reign of Horemheb Pharaoh Ramesses I

Pharaoh Ramses I inscriptions photo: pinterest

Updated today : 28/05/2021

Egyptian archaeologists have managed to uncover the remains of four ancient temples in the Sinai peninsula, temples from which hope to gain information about one of the darkest and most misunderstood periods in the history of Ancient Egypt, announces Discovery News.

Menpehtyre Ramesses I (or Ramses) was the founding pharaoh of ancient Egypt's 19th dynasty. The dates for his short reign are not completely known but the time-line of late 1292–1290 BC is frequently cited as well as 1295–1294 BC. 

Up To Date 41+ Ramses 1 photo: Jed Richmond

Stone head carving of Paramessu (Ramesses I), originally part of a statue depicting him as a scribe. On display at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. photo: wikipedia.org

While Ramesses I was the founder of the 19th dynasty, in reality his brief reign marked the transition between the reign of Horemheb who had stabilized Egypt in the late 18th dynasty and the rule of the powerful pharaohs of this dynasty, in particular his son Seti I and grandson Ramesses II, who would bring Egypt up to new heights of imperial power.

One of the four external seated statuesof Ramesses II at Abu Simbel. photo: wikipedia.org

Image of Seti I from his temple in Abydos photo: wikipedia.org

The few inscriptions deciphered so far tells a strange episode, that of the Asian peoples known as the Hyksos who invaded Egypt in the time of the II dynasty (1991-1802 BC). In fact, the Hyksos ruled Egypt for more than a century, during which moved their capital in the Nile Delta at Avaris.

The Hyksos Invasion | Ancient Egypt Battles photo: The Hyksos Invasion Facts

"We found an engraving of Pharaoh Ramses I, stood before the god Set, the god worshiped by Kyksos. Engraving is the first of its kind ever found, "said Mohammed Abdel Maksud, one of the archaeologists involved in the project.

The term Hyksos means "foreign ruler" in ancient Greek language, and representatives of this dynasty were so hated by the crowd that when they were removed, which reminded them any monument was destroyed. That is why they know so little about this historical period.



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3,000 years old mummy discovered in a tomb in Egypt

Spanish archaeologists have discovered an ancient Egyptian mummy that was in very good condition, near Luxor (Egypt).

This one of the best preserved mummies, it looks like the body of a man who was called Amenrenef a servant of a royal house. This is a colorful wooden sarcophagus.

The tomb was discovered near the southern wall of the Temple of Millions of Years, temple which was built on the west bank of the Nile near Luxor by Pharaoh Thutmosis III (1490-1436 BCE). Known as the "Napoleon of Egypt" was the sixth pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, the most popular of all the dynasties of Egypt.

Amenrenef apparently did not live in the time of Thutmosis III, the tomb is dated around 1,000 BCE The casing was covered with a multitude of colorful decorations representing religious symbols, examples of which are solar symbols, goddesses Isis and Nephthys, who open their wings, the four sons of Horus and other religious scenes.




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The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Seeker . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

Four new symbols have been added to Mendeleev periodic table ( Nihonium, Moscovium, Tennesseen and Oganessiin )

As  of November 8, the periodic table, developed by Dmitry Mendeleev was officially completed four new symbols, according to press office of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

As of November 8, the periodic table, developed by Dmitry Mendeleev was officially completed four new symbols, according to press office of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

As informs VistaNews, researchers have said that as of Tuesday, November 8, symbol with the number 113 is Nihonium, Nh. Nihonium translated from Japanese means Land of the Rising Sun. Element 113 was discovered by Japanese researchers at RIKEN Institute in Japan.

The 115 th chemical element was named Moscovium, Mc. The name was chosen in honor of the Moscow region, where is located the Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna city. The 115 th element was discovered by Russian scientists from the Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, which is an international research center where these experiments were performed.

The chemical symbol with the number 117 was included in the table Mendeleev as the Tennesseen, which shows a recognition of research conducted by specialists in the research elements super-heavy at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, US, and the 118 th element is Oganessiin, discovered by researcher Yuri Oganessian, academician of the Academy of Sciences of Russian Federation, who helped enormously in the discovery and chemical research of this chemical symbol.



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After millennia, Harvard researchers appear to have finally discovered the origin of forming consciousness

Photo: earth-matters.nl

Researchers have tried millennia to discover the origin of consciousness. Despite advances in neuroscience, still is not sure where it came from.

However, some of them claim to have found finally its origin after they have identified a link between three specific areas of the brain that appear to be crucial in terms of the emergence of consciousness.

Consciousness is made, it is believed, of 2 components: arousal and awareness. Researchers have shown already that the excitation is controlled by the part of the brain that are in contact with the spinal cord. Regarding awareness, the answer is elusive. It is believed that it originated somewhere in the cortex, the outer layer of the brain, but nobody was able to say that it is certainly there.

But the team of researchers from Harvard have identified not only the region that is closely connected with excitement, but also two regions of cortex that together seem to form consciousness. In order to reach a clear conclusion, the team started a study on 36 patients who had brain injuries, 12 of them being in a coma. This study concluded that this small region of the brain is responsible for the emergence of consciousness, but to discover what part of the brain is closely related to this, the researchers produced a map of the brain. Thus, they identified two areas in the cortex that after some previous studies have concluded that they have a close connection with excitement and awareness, but it is the first time that has to do with the center of the brainstem.

The team needs to confirm the result before being sure that the connection that exists between those three areas of the brain is, in fact, the origin of consciousness. Moreover, they are hoping to find a viable treatment for treating people in a coma or in a vegetative state who have brain healthy but have no conscience.

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Source: Science Alert

A diver made a remarkable discovery in Canada. Royal Navy started an immediate investigation

Royal Canadian Navy started investigations to examine a mysterious object discovered by a diver, object that could be, in fact, a nuclear bmblost in the early days of the Cold War.

Sean Smyrichinsky made this discovery when he was near Banks Island, area close to the location where a US bomber crashed in 1950 after Mark IV bomb was lost on 14 November.

Smyrichinsky said: "I swam to the boat a little further and found an object t . I have never seen : Oh God, I discovered a UFO!" When he documented on the origin of this object came into contact with an image of Mark IV bomb and realized that is very similar to the found object.

Photo of Mark IV bomb. Source: Wikimedia Commons

In a book published this year, Dirk Septer told the story of the bombs missed. "Near midnight on February 13, 1950, three engines bomber of the US Air Force B-36 Intercontinental caught fire when they were above the coast of northwestern Canada. The team on board was dropped, and the aircraft crashed somewhere in the Pacific Ocean. Four years later, his remains were discovered by accident in a location at a distance from the one that crashed, three hours of flying in the opposite direction of the aircraft, coastal mountains of Colombia. After years was not told anything, the US has admitted finally that they lost one of nukes. "In terms of team members, 5 of them died and 12 survived.

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Source: Daily Mail

Physicists have made an unexpected discovery related to the second law of thermodynamics, one of the most important principles of physics

Photo ; insspirito/Pixabay  

Thermodynamic laws are some of the most important principles of modern physics that define how the three amounts fundamental physics - temperature, energy and entropy (the amount of thermal condition of physical systems, which increases during an irreversible transformation of their own, but in the case of reversible transformations remains constant) - behave in certain circumstances.

Now physicists have discovered an ambiguity in one of these laws could create scenarios where entropy could diminish with time. Thanks to modern physics, almost every phenomenon in the universe can be explained using the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics using. But in addition, there are four laws of thermodynamics, which explains how heat (or heat) is converted to or from different types of energy.

But the second law of thermodynamics is of particular importance, since this energy transition from a system usable by one unusable. As usable energy in a closed or isolated system decreases and unusable energy increases entropy, in turn, increases.

As said by researchers, the second law of thermodynamics is probably much deeper than first law (which states that energy can not be created or destroyed), because the limitations of the universe. But what would happen if there was the possibility of creating a system that would decrease the entropy?

Researchers at the US Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory said they found ambiguity in the second law of thermodynamics, entropy which is moving towards another direction at a microscopic scale. They investigated a concept that is based on this law, called the theory H which, in its most simple, discloses that if you open a door between two rooms, one heated and the other not, it will produce a balance of heat . But as the researchers claimed, it is imposbil explain how each molecule moves in this scenario, so physicists analyzed as a group, not individually. But to identify the conduct of each molecule, according Theory H Laboratory Argonne decided to treat this study at a quantum scale. They did so using quantum information theory, which is based on a variety of natural materials applied abstract mathematical systems to be condensed discovered a new quantum theory H. "This makes manageable Theory H wording consistent with things that can be observed by physicists," says one of the team who started this study, Ivan Sadovskyy.

The researchers believe it is likely that the circumstances in which entropy decreases to be analyzed using this new vision Theory H.



Source: Science Alert

NASA's Chandra Observatory photographed "The Hand of God"

Pulsar B1509

A fascinating X-ray image of a "cosmic hand" was recorded by Chandra observatory

Chandra that rotates above the Earth at a height of 500 km, managed to photograph a rotating neutron star - a pulsar - that releases energy during its rotation. Although the pulsar is only 20 km in diameter, which gives birth nebula in space stretches over a distance of 150 light years.

 Pulsar called B1509, is located at a distance of 17,000 light-years from Earth. Golden-reddish portions of the photo represents parts of a neighboring gas cloud, energized by the flow of ions and electrons emitted by the pulsar. With a little imagination, the image can be likened to that of a hand, and astronomers have called a "hand of God", inspired by the "eye of God", another great cosmic image, obtained by European astronomers in February.















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Another '' Habitable Planet Proxima B'' this exoplanet has important water reserves

Significant water reserves were discovered exoplanet Proxima b, Swiss scientists say. Proxima b could be the closest planet outside the Solar System, a telluric exoplanet, which is in the habitable zone of the star Proxima Centauri.

Proxima b has the same specific features Earth, it can be considered akin to Earth and has significant reserves of water, having dimensions substantially similar to Earth.

Habitable Proxima-b Planet Found Next Door to Milky Way  photo: youtube

All this comes in support of the theory of a life on distant Proxima b exoplanet, say researchers at the University of Berne Swiss. They conducted measurements and necessary research and assume exoplanet Proxima b is slightly larger than Earth, then it reached conclusions that about 90% of the mass of the exoplanet is hard rock specific mountain area and 10% is water, specific oceans. Proxima b is a duplicate of Earth.

According to researchers who study planetary science, small planets are among the best candidates for the role of "second Earth", where life can exist. As a result, studies on such objects will be continued and expanded, according to researchers, reports RIA Novosti news agency.

Recently scientists announced that the star next to the star Proxima Centauri was also invented the closest exoplanet to Earth, which closely resembles the Sun, which was noted potentiometers training cycle dark points.

Remember that Proxima b exoplanet was discovered by researchers this year using spectral analysis method. Spectral analysis is a method of physical research composition of substances by examining its spectrum of radiation.

According to the study published, these variations indicate the presence of a planet, performing a complete orbit around the star in 11.2 days Proxima Centauri. Proxima b exoplanet it is almost 7.5 million kilometers or 0.05 AU of the star (about 5% of the distance from Earth to the Sun).



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• The new found alien world named HD 131399Ab

• Researchers have found another planet (Wolf 1061c) that can sustain life: Located just 14 light-years away

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After 500 years, Jesus' tomb was open again. '' I was amazed at what I found under the marble '

Jesus' Tomb Opened photo: nationalgeographic.com

For  the first time, researchers have found that surface, is traditionally considered to be the tomb of Jesus. Located Holy Sepulchre Church in Jerusalem tomb was covered with marble tiles in the sixteenth century at the latest.

Fredrik Hiebert, an archaeologist at the National Geographic Society, said that "the marble covering the tomb had been removed and I was amazed at the amount of materials under them. There will be long scientific survey, but in the end we will be able to discover the stone surface of which was deposited the body of Jesus. "

According to tradition, Jesus was lying on a carved stone that came from a limestone cave after being crucified by the Romans in 30 C.E. or perhaps in 33. On three days after his death, he resurrected and women who came to anoint his tomb was found empty. This stone is now attached to a structure called Edicule (from the Latin aedicule, small house), which was subsequently rebuilt between 1808 to 1810 after being destroyed by fire. 

The emergence of this tomb gives researchers a great opportunity to study what is considered to be the Christian religion, the most holy place. Analysis of the original stones that will help them discover not only the original shape of the tomb, but also as a place of worship has become since it was identified by Helena, mother of Emperor Constantine in the year 326.

Inside the tomb, the light emanating from candles and lamps make it possible to observe some details that are usually overlooked. Church of the Holy Sepulchre is in this moment, in the custody of the six Christian sects. Greek Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic and Armenian Orthodox Church have the most control over this area, and the status of certain parts of this church which are considered common places of worship for all sects, including the tomb was governed by an agreement custody rights record of all sects.

Edicule that aforementioned integrity restored in the nineteenth century was a dilemma for decades. It was affected by the earthquake in 1927, and British authorities were forced to restore it in 1947, by positioning the outer beams.

In 2015, Partiarhia Greek Orthodox in Jerusalem, with the agreement of 2 other large communities, invited members of the National Technical University of Athens to study the site, and premiered its new restoration was in March this year, which is expected to be completed in spring 2017.



Other articles on the same theme:

• Secrets Behind the Shroud of Jesus from Turin

• Star of Bethlehem proof Jesus' divine origins ?

• 5 Myths About Christianity

• How old is the Bible? We include Christianity, Judaism, Islam and other religious movements such as the Rastafari

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The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Nationalgeographic . Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.